Collaborative Analysis of Vehicle Body and Battery Pack Structural Safety under Side Pole Impact Conditions

Abstract

To enhance the structural safety of pure electric vehicles under collision conditions, this paper constructs a finite element model of the entire vehicle side pillar collision that complies with the EURO NCAP regulations. A detailed analysis of structural safety during the collision process is conducted. The research focuses on key areas such as the B-pillar and the battery pack, quantifying the intrusion amount and acceleration variation characteristics by arranging spring elements and acceleration measurement points in the model. The results indicate that the acceleration peak at the corresponding position of the B-pillar chest is relatively high, posing a potential risk of occupant injury. The local intrusion amount of the battery pack exceeds mainstream design limits, reflecting a failure hazard in this area under extreme conditions. Coupled with the stress cloud map showcasing structurally weak regions, the primary reasons for the aforementioned hazard risks are further revealed to be insufficient strength of certain panels and limited energy absorption capacity. This paper proposes optimization suggestions such as reinforcement layout, material optimization, and structural energy absorption improvements, providing a theoretical basis and engineering reference for enhancing the collision safety of new energy vehicles.